沉思录:笛卡尔的六日哲学之旅

六天重建世界 《Meditations on First Philosophy》(1641) Descartes最重要philosophical work 六个"meditations"(沉思)—— 每个=一天的philosophical journey 从complete doubt—— 到certainty about: Self(我) God(上帝) External world(外部世界) Mind-body distinction(心身分别) Like spiritual exercises—— Reader invited同行此journey 不只是read—— 而是meditate with Descartes 重新经历doubt和discovery 写作背景 为什么拉丁语? 不像《方法论》(法语)—— 《沉思录》用拉丁语written For learned audience: Philosophers、theologians 尤其: 希望获得Church approval Objections and Replies Descartes sends manuscript to scholars—— 收集objections 然后publish《沉思录》with: Original text Six sets of objections(from various philosophers、theologians) Descartes’s replies 包括objections from: Hobbes、Gassendi、Arnauld 这format=valuable: See challenges、Descartes defend Dialectical First Meditation:怀疑的深渊 “What can be called into doubt” ...

April 1, 2012 at 12:00 AM

我思故我在:笛卡尔与现代性的门槛

门槛上的思想家 René Descartes(1596-1650) Stand at threshold—— Between two worlds: Medieval/Renaissance behind—— Modern ahead 他是: Mathematician(创立解析几何) Scientist(光学、生理学) Philosopher(现代哲学之父) 但most importantly: He change how we think about thinking itself 从他开始—— Philosophy变成: Individual mind面对world—— Seeking certainty through reason alone 这是modern subjectivity的birth 从怀疑到确定 Night of dreams November 10, 1619—— Bavaria(随军中)—— 23岁的Descartes有三个dreams 他解释为divine calling: 统一all sciences through mathematics和reason 这shape他的一生mission 《方法论》(Discourse on Method,1637) 自传性philosophical work 描述他的intellectual journey Systematic doubt Descartes决定: 找absolutely certain foundation for knowledge 方法: ...

March 31, 2012 at 12:00 AM